欢迎来到留学生英语论文网

客服信息

我们支持 澳洲论文代写 Assignment代写、加拿大论文代写 Assignment代写、新西兰论文代写 Assignment代写、美国论文代写 Assignment代写、英国论文代写 Assignment代写、及其他国家的英语文书润色修改代写方案.论文写作指导服务

唯一联系方式Q微:7878393

当前位置:首页 > 论文范文 > Linguistics

New methodologies for listening

发布时间:2018-02-23
该论文是我们的学员投稿,并非我们专家级的写作水平!如果你有论文作业写作指导需求请联系我们的客服人员

Annotated Bibliography

Field, J. (1998). Skills and strategies: towards a new methodology for listening. ELT Journal, 52(2), 110-118.

In his article, Field describes the changes that took place in the methodology of listening tasks reaching a conclusion that, in listening comprehension exercises, more emphasis should be laid on the process of listening instead of its product. The "diagnostic approach to listening" (112) helps the teacher to find the reasons of the students' mistakes and allows them to reach more effective listening comprehension. First, the parallel training of different listening skills, such as segmentation, and the their synthesis can provide a superior listening comprehension. Then, the extensive use of authentic material, even from the first stages of learning, can help the students to get better acquainted with the language learnt. Finally, the use of various strategies, if the message is not completely understood, is present in the students' mother tongue and is also applied in teaching reading comprehension.

Field, J. (2000). 'Not waving but drowning': a reply to Tony Ridgway. ELT Journal, 54(2),  186-195.

In his response to Ridgway's article (2000), Field tries to prove the faultiness of Ridgway's argumentation by commenting on his statements one by one. First of all, he denies the assumption that practice in itself is sufficient for acquiring proficiency in listening. Secondly, he doubts that strategies in L2 are transferred from L1 from the very beginning; he believes that some sort of temporary makeshift strategies must be present. Thirdly, he considers using the words "strategy" and "skill" interchangeably and deeming the whole theory invalid because of the inconsistencies of the terminology to be a significant flaw of Ridgway's article. Then, Field also reinforces his position about the benefits of the use of authentic materials. Finally, he concludes that Ridgway is too much devoted to the product of language learning instead of its process, which he believes to be superior (1998).

Ridgway, T. (2000). Listening strategies- I beg your pardon?. ELT Journal, 54(2), 179-185.

The main conclusion of Ridgway's article is that all the methods Field is in favour of (1998) should not be used in teaching foreign languages for numerous reasons. He proposes that all such strategies belong to the process of communication instead of language learning. To begin with, he collects several pieces of evidence to prove that the use of any "strategy" during a listening exercise could even result in worse performance. Secondly, based on empirical evidence, he also denies the existence of the listening subskills, thus deeming the separate practice of them futile. Thirdly, he  finds the use of authentic texts unnecessary especially in the early stages of language learning since, according to him, "one is practising comprehension, not incomprehension" (181). On the contrary, he suggest that practice is the most important in order to perform well in listening tasks.

上一篇:Comparative Analysis on Kikuyu 下一篇:Critical reading