The Origins of the American Revolution

ABSTRACT

Table of Contents:

ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….2

The origins of the American Revolution…………………………………………………………………………………………………..4

LIST OF WORKS CITED…….………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………8

SOURCE CRITICISM…………………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………………10

APPENDIX………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………11

The origins of the American Revolution

The first spark of the American Revolution can be traced to the year 1763 when the leaders took the reins tightly the British Empire. The conflicts began to rupture relations between Britain and the colonies, especially after the empire became in dire need of money to manage its own affairs. The American Revolution, after two hundred and fifty years, is superficially well-known and inadequately understood. General narratives mostly treat it as a colonial rebellion. They equate it primarily with the growing resistance to imperial policy that led to an outbreak of hostilities at Lexington in April 1775 and concluded with British recognition of the United States eight years later. The achievement of political independence was its grand objective, besides which all other matters paled in importance. According to this familiar story the revolution came to its climax with the declaration of Independence in 1776; there after it was almost synonymous with the war.

The American Revolution is considered the first modern revolution in history where people fought for their independence as the universal principles represented by the sovereignty of the people and the rule of law and constitutional rights.

French and Indian War, Navigation Acts, Salutary Neglect is considered as Long Term Causes of the American Revolution

Under the circumstances it seemed reasonable to the British government to seek new sources of revenue in colonies and to make the navigation system more efficient in ways the royal officials had long advocated. A half century of what Edmund Burke called "salutary neglect" had come to an end.

The Sugar Act of 1764 was clearly a major successor to the great navigation acts of the late seventeenth century. The series of regulations that it established were designed to tighten the navigation system and in particular to curb the colonists' smuggling and corruption. Absentee customs officials were ordered to return to their posts and were given greater authority and protection. The jurisdiction of the vice-admiralty courts in cases of customs violation was broadened. The navy was granted greater power in inspecting American ships. The use of writs of assistance (or search warrants) was enlarged. To the earlier list of enumerated" colonial products that had to be exported directly to Britain, such as tobacco and added hides, iron, timber, and others sugar, were And finally more American shippers were required so many post bonds and obtain certificates of clearance that nearly colonial merchants, even those involved only in the coast- Wise trade, found themselves enmeshed in a bureaucratic web of bonds, certificates, and regulations To these frustrating rigidities that were now built into the navigation system were added new customs duties, which raised the expenses of American importers in order to increase British revenue. The Sugar Act imposed duties on foreign cloth, sugar, indigo, coffee, and wine imported into the colonies.

found in republican regime create a nation very different from contemporary European societies, set an ideological agenda for the future, constructed a political frame work sufficiently strong and supple to meet the needs of later generations, and propelled the United States in a democratic direction. These developments were the heart of the Revolution

The revolution was rooted in colonial society, politics and intellect at a particular stage, but it took far longer to complete the structure of republic government than to win the war; the development of republican culture was continuous and unending.

Decidedly in March 1765, Parliament by an overwhelming majority passed the Stamp Act, which levied a tax on legal documents, almanacs, newspapers, and nearly every form of paper used in the colonies. Like all duties, tax was to be paid in British sterling, not in colonial paper money. Although taxes had been used in England since stamp i 694 and several colonial assemblies had resorted to them in the in 750s, Parliament had never before imposed such a tax directly on the colonists. It is surprising, therefore, that the stamp Act galvanized colonial opinion as nothing ever had. "This single declared William Smith, Jr., of New York, has lost stroke," Great Britain the affection of all her Colonies.

From the book “1001 Events That Made America” by the American author Alan Axelrod said “DECEMBER 16 A group of militant Bostonians respond to the Tea Act by dressing as Indians boarding three British tea ships in Boston Harbor, and throwing tea valued at 18,000 $ overboard. The “Boston Tea Party” galvanizes colonial opposition to the Crown's continued policy of regulating colonial commerce and taxing the colonies, which are not represented in Parliament.” So we can say this act calorized as one of the events that made America what is it like today.

Boston Tea Party Currier colored

This iconic 1846 lithograph by Nathaniel Currier was entitled "The Destruction of Tea at Boston Harbor"; the phrase "Boston Tea Party" had not yet become standard. Contrary to Currier's depiction, few of the men dumping the tea were actually disguised as Indians. This paint is a drawback of the “Boston Tea Party” that happened on December 16, 1773.

Where not "Boston Tea Party", the sense, where it did not offer tea or coffee or other drinks, but it was the beginning of the revolution and the war of liberation and the British colonization in the New World, "the continent of North America," currently.

Summed up the events of the Tea Party that number of Americans hide uniformed American Indians, and slipped into three British ship anchored in the port of Boston and loaded with boxes of tea, and threw 342 crates of tea nearly $ 1 million worth of money into the sea, rejecting the government's decision to import and pay customs tax prohibitive them.

The blatant acts of destruction of British property by American colonists, the mentioned Tea Party, in addition to the Americans' disobedience, upset British Parliament that enacted the Coercive Acts. These included closing of the Port of Boston until the substitution of damages caused due to the Boston Tea Party. Similarly, Massachusetts Government restricted the Massachusetts; town meetings and transformed the Governing Council into an appointed body. At the same time, the British officials through the administration of Justice became immune to criminal prosecution in the state of Massachusetts. Finally, the Quartering Action included house and quarter British troops on demand, even if this necessitated American private homes. These in turn led to the outrage of American Patriots. (http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/british-parliament-adopts-the-coercive-acts)

The religion can be regarded as one of the major origin of the American Revolution. It had a special role by providing moral punishment for opposition to the British. In addition, the Revolution was being considered justified in the sight of God to the average American. They have been succeeded to convert colonialism resistance into a righteous cause. As well as, this image was transferred to all ranks and in all parts of the colonies. Accordingly, ministers did the work of secular radicalism and served the American cause in many capacities, namely, as members of state legislatures and as military chaplains.

The Revolution caused split of the Church of England in which their minister traditionally support the King. In certain places religion flourished because of the present of active ministers, but in other areas, worship suffered due to the churches destruction. (http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/religion/rel03.html)

The second primary sources

There were many short term effects that were the result of the American Revolution War. Some of the more direct short term effects of this war included the economy being dependent on foreign currency and the standstill of trade. Other short term effects were the increase in colonists that could be found around the country in such a short span of time.

Some people argue that the American Revolution is a revolution from down (lower class) to up (upper class) either might say it’s from up to down considering George Watsontown as the sage of the American Revolution (father of the Revolution) and other important people in the upper class too.

Historians

Abstract

Conclusion

New introduction

Plagiarism scan

LIST OF WORKS CITED

Assassin creeds 3

SOURCE CRITICISM

Introduction: In this Essay I will use the historical method to analysis each book in which that the historical method depend on six different catalogs (data, location, authorship, analysis, integrity and credibility) also I will make a simple table in the end in which I will compare the books on it. 1) The American Revolution This book has been produced on September 22nd 1991 in Britain, and the author of this book is Colin Bonwick; was a professor Emeritus in American History at Keele University. The author used literature and a recorded event from the 18th Century. The original form was a normal book with Paperback. Regarding its evidential value it can be considered to be trustable because the author is a professor and specialist in the American field. This book talks and traces the development of the United States of America from the 1760s until the consolidation of the central government during the 1790s. The British author here argues that the creation of the American republic was a main revolution; by the time it was complete the United States of America was fundamentally different from Britain and the colonies out which it had arose and also he is argue that many of the most significant changes took place at this level.[3] 2) The Origin and principles of the American Revolution, compared to the Origin and principles of the French revolution This book has been produced in two editions the German one in 2009 and the English one forthcoming in 2010 It has been produced in German by the author Friedrich von Gentz he was a German publicist and statesman. The author used literature and recorded events from the 18th Century. The original form of the book was normal. Its evidential value of its contents can be considered to be trustable because, the author was specialist in both the American and the French history. In this book the European author comparing and arguing the two great revolutions 3) George Washington’s war (the sage of the American Revolution) This book has been published in 1992 by HarperCollins and the First harperpernnial edition was published in 1993 It has been produced in the United States of America by the author Robert Leckie. He is the author of several books on the history of the United States military, biography, fiction, and children's books. As a young man, during World War II, he served in the Marine Corps and consequently this greatly affected his work. [2] The author used literature and recorded events from the 18th Century. The original form was a Normal book with hard cover and the evidential value of its contents can be trusted because he witness and lived with the events ant atmosphere of such history. Here the American author writing and arguing about one of greatest men in the word and about his successful lead for American Revolution in 671 pages. 4) The digital source (website):

(http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/british-parliament-adopts-the-coercive-acts) A related book to my topic in indirect way: 1001 Events that made America by the author Alan Axelrod

Table (1) compering some aspects of these books

Sources:

1. http://www.kcl.ac.uk/artshums/depts/history/people/staff/academic/edlingm.aspx
2. http://www.digplanet.com/wiki/Robert_Leckie_%28author%29
3. https://www.goodreads.com