Two Civilization and Two People

TWO CIVILIZATION AND TWO PEOPLE

A civilization identifies people and creates people. Firstly, we should analyze two civilization according to own historical conditions. Hay is an important figure for Islam civilization and also Robinson is important for Western culture, too. Both characters represent basic argument of their civilization and also both civilizations will help to understand that reasons of civilization conflicts. Both of them should analyze according to their historical and Politic changes in that time. We can find that historical and thought atmosphere of characters without compare differences and also understand that perspective of two civilization to life and people.

In thıs article, we analyze Ä°bni Tufeyl ‘s (1106-1186) and Daniel Defoe’s (1660-1731) works call as Hay Bin Yakzan and Robinson Crusoe. Both of books about alone people in a desert island but one of them is Westerner and Protestant, the other one is Easterner and Muslim. These are the most important works of two civilizations. Hay is ideal type of East and Robinson is also ideal type of West, too. Hay wants to find God and mind and also he tries to find that mind’s connection with God and nature. He is leaved to island by his mother but Robinson is not like Hay .He wants to create a civilizations and he tries to colonizes other civilizations like all Westerners. So, Hay is an explorer and he tries to find civilization as living. Robinson is an owner of life and nature. All in all, Hay bin Yakzan tells that looks for civilization. At the same time Robinson Crusoe tells that creating civilization. So, there are two characters, one of them is mission, the other one is, Missioner.

Hay Bin Yakzan

Hay is a child who is born forbidden relation, is leaved to desert island. He is raised by a gazelle. During his raising , he learns to living in island as think and look to other animals. He realizes with his mind to God, nature and life. He meets with Absal and becomes friend and then he learns about religion. Absal comes to island for being alone. There are Absal’s brother calls as Salaman, he interests to religion and the island which is live them, has problem as religious and social sides. Hay and Absal try to tell that reality of religion. In the story, Hay represents nature of mind, Absal represents to nature of belief , Society represents realities of World. The story researches that there are not any connections between Philosophy and religion. Mind and religion complete each others. This story tells that meeting faithful and Philosophy.

Daniel Defoe

Daniel Defoe interests in social, political and cultural sides of England. Then he shifts so novelist from journalist. In modern sense he is the best novelist. Also he is known as the father of novel. He writes ordinary people. The novel of Daniel Defoe is a work of eighteen century. He is the author of Robinson Crusoe (Carter 138-139).

Robinson Crusoe

Robinson is a child of middle class family who live in England. He has a farm in Brazil and makes slave trade for being rich. While he goes to Africa for bring slave, his ship is sank and nearly he lives during 30 years in a desert island. He straggles with nature animals and other people. He likes discovery and he wants to discover island around of him. He rescues Friday from cannibals and he teaches to speak and beliefs. He rescues captain of a ship during the infighting and captain thanks to Robinson and crew works for him. He gives up some countrymen in the island and he returns to his homeland as a rich person(Çetin 4).

Slavery

There are two characters in these stories. One of them sees himself as a slave of nature and all alives but the other one is sees as slave people and nature. Slavery is defined as “the condition of a person over whom any or all of the powers attaching to the right of ownership are exercised, including where such a condition results from debt or contract made by the person" (270.1 Criminal Code).

Naturel Life

Hay and Robinson have some basic differences in their attitudes because of their perspective of civilization to life and God . All animals are equal and valuable because of God for Hay. He protects and imitates them (Tufeyl 124-129).Robinson is selfish and he thinks that he is master .He is the King of desert island and Master of his animal, only he talks with parrot. He manages his island and he can kill animal and gives rights when he wants. Anyone do not protest him (Defoe 95).

When come to other people to island, he sees them as slave .They are not friends for him. In all relation, he is the center and he loves God when God useful for him. All alives two classes for him. When Hay is hungry, he kills animal as he will eat( Tufeyl 131-132).When Robinson is hungry and he kills many animals and he eats only one of them. When he eats the same meal twice a day, he is nervous. Robinson has no limit (Defoe 105-107).

Hay creates clothes for himself and there are aesthetics and beauties in his clothes and cleaning is important for him (Tufeyl 134).Robinson is untidy and dirty . When he goes to his hometown , gets dress as a King(Defoe 116).

Hay works enough for live and he protects his body because he thinks that God is owner of his body (Tufeyl 87-95) . Robinson works every time and he thinks that he is the owner of his body and he can harm to his body. He thinks that everything is created for him and he can kill when he wants. He gives meal to animals and then he becomes to regret. Power is important for Robinson. He believes that all animals are created for him and he can harm to animals (Defoe 148).

Hay learns to life as imitates to nature and animals because his mother gazelle also an animal. He becomes to applies his learned and he likes to animals and protects them. He does not kill any animals without reason. Everything depends on a reason for him.

Religious life

Robinson and Hay is important characters for two civilization, too. They are lonely in a desert island and try to live and find to God but there are some basic differences between two hero .Robinson goes to island as want and Hay is leaved to island by his mother. Robinson loves adventures and makes a Kingdom in an island as a Master. He is a capitalist hero who comes from extreme difficulties to rich economic securities. Hay lives like animals and he sees himself as a slave of all alives and tries to find God . He meets with Salaman who is faithful and becomes to Islam. “Islam is the fastest growing religion in the world. Indeed, one out of every five persons on this earth is a Muslim. There are nearly 3 million Muslims living in United Kingdom and the number is growing. Muslims live in different parts of the world ranging from China to Argentina, Russia to South Africa. The country with the largest Muslim population is Indonesia”. According to Hay, God is the owner and creator of all universes. People response against to God .If a person sees to himself/herself as God, he/she will punished by God. People should try to find God in themselves and should live and spend their times for God (Tufeyl 121-123).

God is the highest existence and people should think about God. Only happiness is God people can find happiness in God and people who do not believe to God, will punish by God. Only aim of Hay is finds to God. (Tufeyl 124-125) Absal who is faithful, teaches to speaking to Hay. Hay finds all believes with Absal. When Absal looks to Hay, his beliefs becomes to powerful. The biggest badness is working for world and forgets to god for Hay. Working for other world is important than this world to Hay, too (Tufeyl 155-157).

According to Robinson , God is the creator and owner of universe. Everything is done by God So , he thinks that every bad behaviors of him depends on God. He remembers God when he is in bad condition, he thinks that bad things depends on God. He reads Holly book and thinks Creator and other world. He reads everyday Holly book but his believes sometimes becomes to change and weak .Robinson come to island one day and it is Holly day for Robinson(Defoe 172-178).When he goes to island, he becomes to Christian (Protestant). “Christianity is an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and oral teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as presented in the New Testament. Most Christians believe that Jesus is the Son of God”. Robinson meets with Friday and he is a slave for Robinson and also he changes the name of Friday and religion .He teaches to speak and some basic information about religion and tells God Friday very-well .Friday becomes to a good Christian but Robinson is worried about that Friday will return to his homeland and religion (Defoe 177).

In conclusion, a civilization identifies people and creates people. Hay is an important figure for Islam civilization and also Robinson is important figure for Western culture, too. Both heroes show basic argument of their civilization and also both civilizations show that reasons of civilization conflicts. . We see historical and thought atmosphere of characters without compare differences and also understand that perspective of two civilizations to life and people. Both of books about alone people in a desert island but one of them is Protestant, the other one and Muslim. These are equal of two civilizations, too. One of them is wants to find God and mind and also tries to find that mind’s connection with God and nature. He is leaved to island by his mother .At the same time, the other one is wants to create a civilizations and he tries to colonize other civilizations like all Westerner. So, Hay is an explorer and he tries to find civilization as living. Robinson is an owner of life and nature. All in all, Hay bin Yaqzan tells that looks for civilization. At the same time Robinson Crusoe tells that creating civilization .There are two Character calls as Hay and Robinson and one of them is mission, the other one is Missionary.

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