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Family Involvement in Early Education

发布时间:2017-04-24
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The purpose of this research paper is to examine the effects family involvement has on the success of children and the ways families can get involved in their child's education. My literature reviews defines family involvement is when families get personally involved in education, their children do better in schools, get better grades, and grow up to be successful in life. Family involvement is one of the most overlooked aspects of American education. Today, many programs are designed without recognition of the role of families, and consequently many families remain unaware of the significance that their role can have on their child's education. Family involvement means that families work together with care givers and teachers to create an atmosphere that strengthens learning both at the program and in the home.

Family involvement is an important component of the USA educational programs. The purpose of the family involvement component is to engage families as partners in the educational process. Family involvement programs was developed to give families, regardless of their own educational experience, the tools needed to become more actively involved in their child's day-to-day education (Knopf & Swick 2008).

Significant research over at least 25 years has demonstrated that "family involvement is critical to the educational success of children" (Bricker & Casuso, 1979). To elaborate on the findings: "When schools acknowledge the relevance of children's homes and cultures and promote family involvement, they can develop a supportive environment for learning through meaningful activities that engage and empower families" (Bricker & Casuso, 1979). As our schools and programs become more diverse, that relevance of home and culture takes on greater importance and expands teacher's responsibilities for collaboration with families.

Families can get more involved with their child's education by, talking with their children, enhancing their child's self esteem, modeling social and educational aspirations and values and monitoring out of school activities (supervising homework etc.)(Battle, 2004). Activities parents can be more involved at school consists of: attending events, such as open days and school fairs, working in the school in support teachers such as helping with activities in the classroom, on trips and with sport activities, assisting with the governance of the school and meeting with teachers to discuss their children's progress are all ways parents can get more involved with their child education while in school (Battle, 2004).

I have seen a lack of parental involvement in Head Start due to lack of communication. I have volunteered for Head Start every since my son went there in 2006. I am a former parent and I have done four internships there. I have done two for Social Work and two for Early Childhood. Most families I have talked to use work, or they do not get grades or I am too tired to sit with those bad kids as an excuse but I try to let them know that if they don't get involved in their child education now they will regret it in the long run.

When I lived in Chicago I went to a Head Start program called the Child Parent Center (CPC). My mom worked nights and had three other children to take care of. She made it her job to volunteer at my school at least three days a week. She assisted the teachers she was even the President of the PTA. My got involved in what I was learning because she was a concerned parent. Parents today are not concerned about their child's education.

Parents who are involved in their child's education develop more confidence in the school, and about helping their children learn at home and often enroll in continuing education to advance their own schooling (Measuring Up 1999). Parents tend to be less involved in their child's education as their child get older. The United States Department of Education found that nationwide, as children grow older contacts between families and schools decline both in number and in the positive nature of such contacts. Although 52 percent of interactions are positive and 20 percent are negative in the first grade, by seventh grade positive contacts drop to 36 percent and negative increase to 33 percent (Measuring Up 1999).

The importance of family involvement is the environmental, social, and economic factors have the most powerful effect on student performance. The greatest factor of a child underachieving in school is growing up in poverty, inadequate learning opportunities, exposure to drugs, lack of after school care, dysfunctional families, inadequate health care, run down schools, neighborhood distress, few role models, poor nutrition and teen pregnancy. Parents cannot always change these factors; they can always have great influence over many of these challenges.

Epstein defines a school, family and community partnership as an approach that gives families and community member's greater opportunities to determine options for school involvement, to participate in the wide range of involvement activities, and to assume key role and responsibilities in school-improvement efforts, including participation in the school's decision-making processes. If a partnership is to succeed, it must be based on "mutual trust and respect, an ongoing exchange of information, agreement on goals and strategies, and sharing of rights and responsibilities. Schools must be willing to involve parents, families, and communities at deeper levels and to support their participation (Epstein 2002).

Epstein six types of involvement consist of:

Type1: Parenting: Assist families establish home environments to support children as students.

Type 2: Communicating: Implement effective home to school and school to home communication practices.

Type 3: Volunteering: Encourage families as volunteers in a variety of ways.

Type 4: Learning At Home: Involve families in supporting learning activities at home.

Type 5: Decision making: Include parents in school; decisions, developing parent leaders and representatives.

Type 6: Collaborating With the Community: Coordinate resources and services from the community to strengthen school programs, family practices and student learning development.

Home school partnerships or family engagements are known to strengthen ECE programs in terms of the positive growth and development of children.

The problem with families not being involved in their child's education is laziness. A lot of younger generation parents have too many excuses on why they can and cannot get involved. The most common one is transportation problems. If you can get a ride to go clubbing on Friday and Saturday you can get a ride to visit your child Monday thru Thursday for a couple of hours.

Majority of the younger generation families just don't care. Their children are being raised by a grandmother, aunt or a caregiver. They do not understand how critical parental involvement is and the effects it has on a child. From my own personal observations parents just do not understand why they need to get involved. It is my job as a professional student to address these concerns to all parents young or old.

Teachers are very frustrated trying to involve parents and getting little to no response. Teachers complain that parents do not come to conferences or school open houses, check homework, or answer take home notes. This leads teachers to feel that parents just do not care about their child's education. There are many reasons to consider why parents do not get involved. For many parents, a major obstacle to getting involved is lack of time. Working parents are often unable to attend school events during the day (Starks &Moodie 2009). Evenings are more convenient and the only time they can be involved. Parents rather spend that time with family than be at an open house, which is understandable.

Parental involvement during prekindergarten can promote children's school readiness and is associated with higher academic achievement and fewer behavior problems through adolescents, at least in low income families. It can also lead to greater parental involvement in elementary school, which is associated with higher achievement for children of all socioeconomic backgrounds (Basile & Henry 1996). When families do not get involved in their children's education they are more at risk of being exposed to drugs and alcohol, teen pregnancy and inadequate learning opportunities

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